PROBLEM-SOLUTION ESSAY

DRUG ABUSE

Nowadays, drug abuse is rife in very countries. Billions of dollars are spent internationally preventing drug use, treating addicts, and fighting drug related crime. Although drugs threaten many societies. Their effects can also be combated succesfully. This essay looks at some of the effects of drug use on society, and suggest some solutions to the problem.

Drug abuse causes multiple problems for countries and communities. To begin with the medical and psychological effects are ery obvious: addicts cannot function as normal members of society in general, not to mention the fact that they neglect or abuse their families, and very eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization. The second effect is on crime. Huge police resourse are needed to fight smuggling and dealing as, according to police and other authorities. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs.

Despite these problems, the menace of drugs can be fought. What clearly needs to be dne is focus our efforts on two main aspects. Education is the firts one. On the one hand, children need to be told at home and in school about drugs, and on the other, people need to be aware of the effects so that they can avoid this problem. A second approach is to increase police manpower and authority to stop dealers and to enforce the law. Nevertheless, the main target should be the drug user. Families and coundelors need to talk to children and people at risk. Parnts need to look at their children and help them to become responsible. Furthermore, jobs are needed to give people a role in society so that they realize their importance in the community and focus on other issues different from vices.

All in all, even thought the poblem of drugs may seem impossible to eliminate, there are concrete steps that can be taken to weaken the hold of drugs on society. The danger from drugs is too great to ignore and there are still many things taht we can do.

LINA TORRES CLAVIJO

OPINION ESSAY

TELECOMMUTING IN FAMILY LIFE

Today is very comun use the computer technology in all jobs, because are faster and easier for the workers, they doing their jobs from home for part of each week and communicating with their office using internet and special programs.

There exist different opinions about it because one part of people think that is positive for the families but other part think that is negative, What do you think?

In this essay you can find different opinions taht support the two views.

First we going to talk about the positive part, different jobs need a lot of time because the workers need communicating with the other people in different country, but the computer technology has the solution for work at homes. This is good for families because the parents can stay more time with their kids and can pay more attention about the home things. For example when teh children are young is a very good option for take care at the home and pay more attention when are learning.

On the other hand, the other view think taht using computer technology at home is negative for the families because the worker just work at home and don´t pay attention in your family, also the communication with your kids and husband or wife decrece because just think about work and work. Furthermore when the people use computer screen lose the face to face contact.

However this avance of technology is good when the people know how good use, and don´t mix work time with family time, because the parents should know how control the time. We think that increasing technology is faster and necessary for the work, but people shouldn´t lose their family meaning and goog relation with the other workers. When you depend on computers for communicating you lose your family life.

LINA TORRES CLAVIJO

NATALIA RIVERA

SOLUTIONS OF THE DRUG ABUSE

• The menace of drugs can be fought
• Education is the first battle
• Children need to be tould at home and in school about drugs. People need to be aware of the effects so that they can make avoid this problem.
• A second approach is to increase police manpower and powers to stop dealers and to enforce the law.
• The main target should be the user
• Families and counselors need to talk to children and people at risk. Parents need to look at their children and help them to become responsible. Jobs are needed to give people a role in society.

CAUSES OF THE DRUG ABUSE

• Drug abuse causes multiple problems for countries and communities
• The medical and psychological effects are very obvious
• Addicts cannot function as normal members of society. They neglect or abuse their families, and eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization.
• Other effect is on crime
• Huge police resources are needed to fight smuggling and dealing. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs.

WORLD PROBLEM: DRUG ABUSE

Drug abuse has a wide range of definitions related to taking a psychoactive drug or performance enhancing drug for a non-therapeutic or non-medical effect. All of these definitions imply a negative judgement of the drug use in question. Some of the drugs most often associated with this term include alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cocaine, methaqualone and alkaloids. Use of these drugs may lead to criminal penalty in addition to possible physical, social, and psychological harm, both strongly depending on local jurisdiction. Other definitions of drug abuse fall into four main categories: public health definitions, mass communication and vernacular usage, medical definitions, and political and criminal justice definitions.

Historical medical use of the term

"In the early 1900s, the first edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders referred to both alcohol and drug abuse as part of Sociopathic Personality Disturbances, which were thought to be symptoms of deeper psychological disorders or moral weakness. By the third edition, in the 1940s, drug abuse was grouped into 'substance abuse'."
In 1932, the American Psychiatric Association created a definition that used legality, social acceptability, and even cultural familiarity as qualifying factors:
“ …as a general rule, we reserve the term drug abuse to apply to the illegal, nonmedical use of a limited number of substances, most of them drugs, which have properties of altering the mental state in ways that are considered by social norms and defined by statute to be inappropriate, undesirable, harmful, threatening, or, at minimum, culture-alien."”
Glasscote, R.M., Sussex, J.N., Jaffe, J.H., Ball, J., Brill, L. (1932). The Treatment of Drug Abuse for people like you...: Programs, Problems, Prospects. Washington, D.C.: Joint Information Service of the American Psychiatric Association and the National Association for Mental Health.
In 1966, the American Medical Association's Committee on Alcoholism and Addiction defined abuse of stimulants (amphetamines, primarily) in terms of 'medical supervision':
“…'use' refers to the proper place of stimulants in medical practice; 'misuse' applies to the physician's role in initiating a potentially dangerous course of therapy; and 'abuse' refers to self-administration of these drugs without medical supervision and particularly in large doses that may lead to psychological dependency, tolerance and abnormal behavior.”

Legal approaches

Most governments have designed legislation to criminalise certain types of drug use. These drugs are often called "illegal drugs" but generally what is illegal is their unlicensed production, distribution, and possession. These drugs are also called "controlled substances". Even for simple possession, legal punishment can be quite severe. Laws vary across countries, and even within them, and have fluctuated widely throughout history.
Attempts by government-sponsored drug control policy to interdict drug supply and eliminate drug abuse have been largely unsuccessful. In spite of the huge efforts by the U.S., drug supply and purity has reached an all time high, with the vast majority of resources spent on interdiction and law enforcement instead of public health. In the USA, the number of nonviolent drug offenders in prison exceeds by 100,000 the total incarcerated population in the USA, despite the fact that the EU has 100 million more citizens.
Despite drug legislation (and some might argue because of it), large, organized criminal drug cartels operate world-wide. Advocates of decriminalization argue that drug prohibition makes drug dealing a lucrative business, leading to much of the associated criminal activity.